Every autumn, hospitals are overcrowded due to their high fire risk location, relatively concentrated population, and high number of patients. Once a fire occurs, it will threaten people's life safety. Below, the Siemens fire alarm manufacturer's editor will tell you about hospital fire safety training knowledge to prevent and reduce the occurrence of fires.

1、 The characteristics of hospital fire protection

1. Hospitals suffer significant losses from fires

Hospitals are public places with highly concentrated personnel, including not only patients and medical staff, but also logistics, patient families, etc. Once a fire occurs, it is easy to encounter incidents that threaten and endanger people's life safety, such as falls, stampedes, burns, and even death. The functions of modern hospitals are gradually developing from singularity to diversity, and are no longer just about seeking medical treatment. Many comprehensive hospitals integrate outpatient, inpatient, clinical, teaching, and experimental services. In order to meet functional needs, the number of valuable medical equipment in hospitals continues to increase. Once a fire occurs, the loss of these valuable equipment is inevitable.

2. Difficulty in extinguishing fires

Hospitals have a large number of patients for a long time, who belong to vulnerable groups. Once a fire occurs, these patients with limited mobility find it difficult to escape, especially orthopedic patients, some of whom even lie on stretchers, which increases the difficulty of personnel rescue. The main part of the hospital building includes outpatient department, inpatient department, operating room, etc., while the auxiliary treatment part includes medical technology departments such as radiation, physical therapy, pathology, and biochemical testing. Most of the buildings are connected together, and once a fire occurs, the difficulty of firefighting will also increase.

3. Difficulty in fire safety management

Fire safety involves all aspects of hospital affairs, including not only the maintenance and inspection of fire protection facilities, but also the exercise of fire protection skills and the development of fire emergency plans. Some measures and methods may also contradict other management aspects. In order to prevent theft, many hospitals often lock the fire exits tightly, such as the opening and closing of fire exits. Although this is beneficial for property safety management, it is extremely unreasonable from the perspective of fire safety.

2、 Daily fire prevention measures

1. Fire inspection

Key fire safety units shall conduct daily fire inspections and determine the personnel, content, location, and frequency of the inspections. Fire inspection personnel should promptly correct their violations and properly handle fire hazards. If they cannot be dealt with on the spot, they should report immediately. If an initial fire is discovered, they should immediately report to the police and extinguish it in a timely manner.

2. Fire inspection

Government agencies, organizations, and public institutions should conduct fire inspections at least once a quarter, while other units should conduct fire inspections at least once a month. Fire prevention inspections should fill out inspection records, and the inspection personnel and the person in charge of the inspected department should sign on the inspection records.

3. Fire prevention inspection content for employees before and after work

Every employee in each department should develop a good habit of conducting fire inspections in the department area before and after work every day. Key inspections include: whether there are any violations in the use of fire and electricity, whether safety exits and evacuation routes are unobstructed and locked, whether fire equipment and safety signs are in good condition, and whether there are any remaining sparks in the premises.

3、 How to deal with a fire

1. Correct alarm to prevent chaos

In the case of a slow development of the fire, the leaders and staff of the hospital on fire should first notify the personnel near the exit or the most unfavorable area to evacuate them, and then publicly report the situation to other personnel for evacuation. When the fire is intense and the evacuation conditions are good, a public announcement can be made simultaneously to allow all personnel to evacuate. The specific way to report on a fire can be determined based on the specific situation of the fire, but it must be ensured to be quick and convenient, so that various evacuation channels can be fully utilized in a timely manner, and chaos can be prevented.

2. Correct guidance and stable emotions

During a fire, due to the psychological impact of people's eagerness to escape, they may rush towards clearly marked exits together. At this time, relevant staff should try to guide evacuation, point out various evacuation routes for the evacuees, and shout in a calm tone to persuade everyone to eliminate panic and evacuate in an orderly manner.

3. Stop the rescuers from entering the fire scene again

For the evacuated personnel, it is necessary to strengthen the management after escaping danger. Due to the reduction of the threat to one's own life after the disaster victims are released from danger, there may be an increased level of concern for property, loved ones who have not fled the danger area, and your life. At this point, individuals who have escaped from the danger zone may return to the fire scene to rescue their loved ones who have not yet escaped, which may encounter new dangers, cause evacuation chaos, and hinder rescue and firefighting. Therefore, for personnel who have been evacuated to a safe area, management should be strengthened, and dangerous actions should be prohibited. If necessary, warning personnel should be equipped in key areas inside and outside the building.

4. How to save people in a fire scene

(1) For elderly, weak, sick, and disabled individuals with limited mobility, children, and individuals who have fallen into a coma due to shock, smoke, or fire, they should be captured and rescued using methods such as carrying, holding, and lifting. When passing through the fireworks lockdown area, wet clothes, bedding, etc. can be used to cover the head, face, and body of the rescued person and rescuer, and a mist like water gun can be used to cover them to prevent burns from fire or hot air.

(2) When the internal corridors, stairs, doors, and other passages of the floor have been blocked by fireworks and trapped personnel cannot escape, they should use fire ladders and other structures to reach the windows, balconies, roofs, etc. where the trapped personnel are located, and then use fire ladders, lift fire trucks, and life bags. Slow descent devices and other devices will rescue trapped personnel.

(3) When it is not possible to install a fire escape ladder, methods such as using a hook ladder, climbing the downpipe window with bare hands, etc. can be used to climb up the stairs, and then rescue people with life-saving equipment, or use a rope gun to shoot the rope to the location of the trapped person. Then, the trapped person can use the rope to lift up the fire equipment such as the descent device, life ladder, and life bag, and then let the trapped person use the equipment to self rescue.

(4) People trapped in windows, balconies, and rooftops, especially those hanging outside buildings, may take the risk of jumping off buildings under the threat of thick smoke and flames. At this time, shouting or large slogans should be used to warn them to persevere and wait for rescue, not to take risks. Peer 4 should prepare for rescue on the ground, such as pulling open the rescue net and cushion, and using sponge mats, Simmons mattresses, etc. as a substitute, just in case.

(5) When using fire ladders to rescue trapped personnel on floors, be vigilant and stop them from rushing to avoid accidents such as falling or overturning the ladder. When trapped personnel evacuate from the floor to the ground along the fire escape ladder, they should be protected by a safety rope tied to their waist, or be escorted down the ladder by firefighters with their backs on their bodies.

(6) The injured personnel who have been rescued should not only receive first aid on site, but also receive timely rescue and treatment.